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What is State Management technique in Asp.Net
State
Management is the process by which we maintain session related information and
Additional
information about the controls and its state. The necessity of state management
arises when multiple users
request for the same or different Web Pages of a Web Site.
When
users visit Web sites it becomes necessary to maintain session related and
controls
related
information. In an HTTP exchange between a browser and a remote host, session
related
information which identifies state, such as a unique session ID, information
about the user's preferences or authorization level is preserved. Note that
sessions are maintained in the data being exchanged.
There are
two type techniques in state management in Asp.Net
·
Client Side State Management
A.
Cookies
B.
Query String
C.
Hidden Field
D.
View State
·
Server Side State Management
A.
Session
B.
Profile
C.
Application
D.
Cache
Cookies: Cookies is text file use to store the data as
client machine. It is stored in browser
·
Maximum data are sent or store in a cookies are 4
kb and only string type
·
Cookies are the object in the Asp.Net. It is a
text file which is sent by the server to browser
·
One website have store 20 cookies for a Website
·
Cookies are created on server but stores in
client Browser , cookies sends to server with Request
and the cookies comes on client with Response Method
·
By default
time of Cookies is 14
days
Type of cookies in Asp.net: There are two type cookies in Asp.Net
·
Persistent Cookies
·
Non Persistent Cookies
Persistent Cookies: It data stored in permanent location or hard disk this type cookies is
known as persistent cookies .It is machine specific or computer specific. By
this concept cookies stored in browser
Example:
protected void
btnCreateCookies_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HttpCookie ck = new HttpCookie("mycookies");
ck.Value = txtname.Text;
ck.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(300);
Response.Cookies.Add(ck);
Response.Redirect("Default2.aspx");
}
// How to get value of Cookies on
another Page
protected void
btngetcookies_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HttpCookie ck =
Request.Cookies["mycookies"];
Response.Write(ck.Value);
}
Non-Persistent Cookies: It data stored in temporary
location or computer RAM this
type cookies is known as non-persistent cookies
.It is machine specific or
computer specific.
Example:
protected void
btnCreateCookies_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HttpCookie ck = new HttpCookie("mycookies");
ck.Value = txtname.Text;
Response.Cookies.Add(ck);
Response.Redirect("Default2.aspx");
}
// How to get value of Cookies on
another Page
protected void
btngetcookies_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HttpCookie ck =
Request.Cookies["mycookies"];
Response.Write(ck.Value);
}
Practices with Cookies Concept……………………………………………….
Note: In this concept we create to single cookies and get its values
protected void
btnCreateCookies_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HttpCookie ck1 = new HttpCookie("fname");
ck1.Value =txtfirstname.Text;
ck1.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddDays(14);
Response.Cookies.Add(ck1);
HttpCookie ck2 = new HttpCookie("lname");
ck2.Value =txtlastname.Text;
ck2.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddDays(14);
Response.Cookies.Add(ck2);
}
protected void
btnGetCookies_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HttpCookie ch1 =
Request.Cookies["fname"];
HttpCookie ch2 =
Request.Cookies["lname"];
Response.Write("Name" + ch1.Value + " " + ch2.Value);
// get all cookies with
foreach
foreach (string s in Request.Cookies)
{
Response.Write(Request.Cookies[s].Value
+ "<br/>");
}
}
Note: In this
concept we create to multivalue cookies and get it values
//create multivaluedCookies in
Asp.Net
protected void
btnCreateCookies_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HttpCookie ck = new HttpCookie("userinfo");
ck.Values["fname"] =
txtfirstname.Text;
ck.Values["lname"] =
txtlastname.Text;
ck.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(300);
Response.Cookies.Add(ck);
}
//How to get value of multivaluedCookies
protected void
btnGetCookies_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HttpCookie ck =
Request.Cookies["userinfo"];
if (ck.HasKeys)
{
Response.Write(ck["fname"] + "," + ck["lname"]);
}
// using foreach loop………………………………..
foreach (string s in ck.Values.AllKeys)
{
Response.Write(ck[s] + "<br/>");
}
}
Note: single valued cookies take 50 characters but multi valued cookies also take 50
characters on client(Browser) at
one time………..
HttpCookie ck = new HttpCookie("userinfo");
ck.Values["fname"] ="Amit";
ck.Values["lname"] ="Singh";
ck.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(300);
Response.Cookies.Add(ck);
ck.Values.Remove("lname");
Example with Cookies
……………………………………………..
protected void
btnGetCookies_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if ( Request.Cookies["count"]!= null)
{
i=int.Parse(Request.Cookies["count"].Value);
}
i++;
HttpCookie ck = new HttpCookie("count");
ck.Value = i.ToString();
Response.Cookies.Add(ck);
Response.Write(i.ToString());
}
What is the difference between
persistent vs. non persistent cookies?
Persistent
cookies are stored in a text file on the clients computer.
Non-Persistent
cookies are stored in RAM on the client and are destroyed when the browser is
closed.
Session
cookies are created when you create a session object. Session can be
created without cookies but that make the url look crappy.
Session
is Non-Persistent...
You
can make authentication cookie Persistent if you want.
Create Cookies on Default3.aspx …………………………………
protected void
btnGetCookies_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// non persistant Cookies
Response.Cookies["txtno1"].Value =
txtno1.Text;
// persistant Cookies
Response.Cookies["txtno2"].Value =
txtno2.Text;
Response.Cookies["txtno2"].Expires.AddDays(14);
Response.Redirect("Default4.aspx");
}
How to get Cookies values to another page Default4.aspx …………………………………
protected void
btnGetCookies_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
txtno1.Text =
Request.Cookies["txtno1"].Value;
txtno2.Text =
Request.Cookies["txtno2"].Value;
}
